How can slow plasma electron holes exist?

نویسندگان

چکیده

One-dimensional analysis is presented of solitary positive potential plasma structures whose velocity lies within the range ion distribution velocities that are strongly populated: ``slow'' electron holes. It shown to avoid self-acceleration hole away from it must lie a local minimum in distribution. Quantitative criteria for existence stable equilibria obtained. The background distributions required generally ion-ion modes unless temperature much higher than temperature. Since slow solitons not be possible without significant contribution trapped electrons, seems highly likely such observed indeed

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Physical review

سال: 2021

ISSN: ['0556-2813', '1538-4497', '1089-490X']

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.104.015208